with +O+分詞・形容詞・前置詞句(付帯状況)
着眼点「〜しながら/〜した状態で」。O と後ろの語の関係で、現在分詞か過去分詞かを決める。
| 型 | 例 | 訳 |
|---|---|---|
| with O doing | She listened with her eyes closing. | 目を閉じかけて聞いた(目は能動) |
| with O p.p. | He sat with his arms folded. | 腕を組んで座っていた(腕は組まれる) |
| with O +形容詞 | Don't speak with your mouth full. | 口をいっぱいにして話すな |
| with O +前置詞句 | He came in with a hat on his head. | 頭に帽子をのせて入ってきた |
例文
1
She was walking with her dog running ahead.
彼女は犬を先に走らせて歩いていた。
2
He stood there with his eyes closed.
彼は目を閉じてそこに立っていた。
注意O が分詞の動作をする → doing、O が動作を受ける → p.p.(with his legs crossed ○)。
確認問題
1
空所補充。 Don't talk with your mouth ( ). / She was standing with her arms ( ). (cross)
答え
full / crossed(前者は形容詞、後者は腕が組まれる)